Papillomatosis of the genital organs increases the risk of infection for both partners and complicates intimate life, and during childbirth is often transmitted from woman to child.
Reason
The main reason for the formation of growths is HPV, which enters the body in various ways. It is inserted into the cells of the squamous epithelium and stays in them for a long time without making itself known. The patient may not be aware of such an infection until the prerequisites for its multiplication and the appearance of a neoplasm appear. With a decrease in immunity, growths often appear on the body.
Experts identify factors that increase the risk of growth:
- often stressed;
- nervousness, excessive physical work;
- vitamin deficiency;
- decreased immunity;
- old age of the patient;
- too many sexual partners;
- smoking, alcohol abuse;
- using oral contraceptives for a long time.
The causes of papillomas can be hidden in endocrine disorders, pathologies of the digestive system, and being overweight. The incubation period lasts about a year and if the immune system is working properly, the infection may not present itself. HPV is often transmitted through contact with infected objects in everyday life, while using washcloths, razors, and ordinary towels. Infection can occur through sexual intercourse or from a woman to a child during childbirth.
Appearance
Dermatologists distinguish several types of papillomas:
- Simple. The neoplasm looks like a cauliflower or comb, the surface resembles small papillae.
- Plantar. This buildup causes some discomfort.
- Flat. The site of localization of such neoplasms is the cervical epithelium. Flat papillomas look like flat, itchy nodules.
- Stringy. Such tumors are often found in patients over 50 years of age, look like small nodules and do not cause noticeable development of symptoms.
- Taper. They resemble papillary formations, which are localized both as separate elements and merge into whole groups. In each case, genital warts are triggered by a certain type of virus that is transmitted during sexual intercourse. The place of formation of genital warts is the intimate zone, groin, anus, perineum.
Angiopapiloma is an internal growth formed from connective tissue. It sticks to the walls of blood vessels and is capable of triggering the development of cancer.
Neoplasms in visible areas of the body and in intimate areas often cause psychological discomfort and problems in sexual activity. The formation of papillomas in the uterus can end up with cancer.
Type
There are several types of HPV, taking into account the possibility of developing cancerous lesions on the skin and internal organs.
squamous
The appearance of papillomas is due to the rapid growth of the squamous epithelium of the epidermis. In young people, this type of neoplasm can form in areas of the body that are injured too often.
Squamous cell papillomas are round tumors with a broad base and neoplasms with thin rods. At the beginning of their development, they are immobile, colored in light or brown tones. Constant trauma to such a formation can provoke its inflammation, the mutation of cells begins and their transformation into cancer. In the absence of effective treatment, there is a high risk of developing cancer.
Backwards
Very rarely, inverted papillomas appear on the body. Areas of appearance are the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The growth of neoplasms in the frontal and maxillary sinuses is possible.
The hallmark of papillomavirus manifestations is a one-sided lesion. Reverse germination of growths in the bones is possible, which ends in lesions of the palate, skull bones, nasal sinuses and orbital walls.
Large inverted papillomas cause nasal congestion, bleeding, and discharge from the nose. As the tumor grows to a large size, the facial skeleton deforms and shifts to the side of the affected organ of vision.
Localization
Skin papillomas can form in various areas of the body. Discomfort is caused by growths on the face, and when placed on the body, they are constantly injured when they come into contact with clothing.
Experts identify several places where papillomas occur:
- The groin area, armpits and lower abdomen with obesity. In the fairer sex, various types of neoplasms can be localized under the breast.
- Neck, face, stomach, back area. On the face, the papilloma area mainly becomes the area of the mouth, eyes, eyelids.
- Genitals. This area is often the site of genital warts.
- Internal organ. Neoplasms appear in the tissues of the intestines, stomach and bladder.
- Foot. Often, spinal warts appear on this part of the body.
The site of the appearance of viral neoplasms can be the oral mucosa, bladder, mammary glands, internal genital organs.
Symptoms of education
When HPV is activated, neoplasms of various types appear on the skin. Their signs are similar to each other, but there are differences.
wart
You can determine the formation of warts on the skin according to certain symptoms:
- the size of the tumor does not exceed 1 cm;
- warts have a well-defined outer border, an inhomogeneous surface and density are felt on palpation;
- build-up color can be from light gray to black;
- neoplasms have an irregular round shape.
The sites of localization of growths are mainly open areas of the body, and especially those that are constantly injured by something. Warts often appear on the hands, fingers, knees, and head in areas of hair growth.
papilloma
You can self-diagnose growths if you know what a papilloma looks like. They are bark growths with rather thin stems or a flat base. Most viral infections occur in public places with high humidity. It was in such an environment that he felt ideal and began to breed rapidly.
The patient needs to know what the papilloma looks like on the body. The first sign of a tumor is a mild burning sensation, a slight tingling sensation in the epidermis. After a while, a neoplasm appears in this zone. Gradually they stretch and lengthen, their size increases to 1-1, 5 cm.
Often, papillomas on the skin form in elderly patients and begin to actively increase in size. The area where it grows is the chest, groin, and underarm area. They are flesh colored or slightly yellowish. The presence of the virus in a woman's body significantly increases the risk of developing cervical cancer.
wart
Genital warts are formed under the influence of certain types of HPV, which enter the bloodstream exclusively through sexual intercourse. Usually, the area of \u200b\u200bthe anus and external genital organs, rarely the oropharynx, becomes the focus of localization of growth.
Warts are papillary growths that form on various parts of the body. The individual elements are often connected to each other and form a tumor that resembles a cock's comb.
Incubation period
Papillomavirus has a long incubation period that can last for years. This means that it is rather difficult to determine when the infectious agent enters the body. The activity of the virus can increase under the influence of various factors that interfere with the functioning of the immune system.
Once inside the body, the virus enters the nucleus of the cells of the dermis and begins to multiply there rapidly. With a decrease in the body's defenses, small papillae begin to appear on the surface of the skin, which include several cells. They grow slowly and can reach 10 cm.
Diagnostic
The diagnosis of papilloma begins with examination of the patient by an immunologist or dermatologist. The patient's history and symptoms were examined. Laboratory and instrumental studies help to identify the causes of the appearance of neoplasms on the body.
Standard diagnostic programs include:
- general and biochemical blood tests;
- PCR test;
- material biopsy.
Based on the results of the study, an effective and safe therapeutic method was selected.
Treatment
It is recommended to start treating papillomas as soon as they are detected. The choice of method depends on the area of localization of the neoplasm, the reasons for its appearance, the form of HPV. How to quickly cure papillomas can only be determined by a specialist.
Cryocoagulation
With this method of therapy, the neoplasm is removed with liquid nitrogen, which causes the water inside the cells to freeze and die. Cryodestruction is only done if the tumor is benign and there are no cancer cells in it.
The procedure is considered painless, but if the skin is too sensitive, they use novocaine. After skin treatment with liquid nitrogen, they turn white and small bubbles form, in which a transparent or pink liquid accumulates. When removing growths by freezing, an unpleasant sensation in the form of a burning sensation may appear, but gradually disappears. After cryodestruction, it is recommended to treat the epidermis with a solution of potassium permanganate or alcohol borate several times during the day.
After a few days, the bladder bursts and a crust forms, which protects the wound from infection. Over time, it disappears and healthy skin remains underneath.
Surgical method
Surgery to remove papillomas on the skin is considered the most radical method of removal, but it is not used very often. The indication for surgery is a large papilloma.
During surgery, the doctor removes a small area of healthy tissue, which prevents the reshaping of the result. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and lasts no more than 10-15 minutes. The patient feels no pain, and after the manipulation is complete, sutures are applied. The disadvantages of this method are long wound healing, the formation of scars, scars on the body.
Laser removal
How the papilloma will be treated is determined by the doctor after examining the patient. The most modern method of removing growths is considered laser treatment, before analysis is carried out to exclude cancer cells. The area of the body where the papilloma is located is anesthetized with lidocaine. Then they act on the laser beam and remove it completely. When treated in this way, water is evaporated in the damaged cells, they dry out and form a crust.
After some time, the skin becomes red, swollen, but this reaction occurs after 2-3 days. The crust will fall off on its own after 5-7 days and a smooth pink skin appears in its place.
Chemical attack
An effective means of combating pathology is considered the chemical effect on papillomas. Removal of genital warts is carried out with special preparations containing organic acids.
With the help of an applicator, they are applied to the surface of the formation and they are burned. Under the influence of chemicals, growth cells are destroyed, and disappear.
Treatment with drugs
Medical treatment for papillomas includes:
- Pill. Viral infections occur due to a decrease in immunity, therefore, the action of the drug is aimed at increasing the body's defenses. The patient is prescribed to take vitamins, immunomodulators, antiviral agents.
- Preparation for local treatment. A good effect is the use of creams and ointments with antiviral action. For small tumors of the penis, gels and creams are selected that stimulate the production of interferon. To get rid of the growth, doctors prescribe a solution with burning properties.
Only a doctor can determine whether to remove papillomas in various parts of the body.
Immunomodulator
How to treat multiple papillomas on the body depends on their size and area of localization. An integrated approach involves treatment with immunomodulators, actions that activate the body's natural defenses.
There are several types of HPV, so the drug should be selected by a specialist after immunological studies. With papillomas in women, it is advisable to pay special attention to natural immunomodulators that help restore immunity at the DNA level.
Self deletion
Treating large papillomas at home can worsen a person's condition and cause the virus to spread throughout the body. The possibility of using the funds for self-removal of growths is determined by a dermatologist. This method of treatment is possible only in the absence of oncogenic factors and suspicion of malignant growth.
Self-treatment for benign neoplasms includes the use of topical ointments, drugs prescribed by a doctor.
How to traditional medicine
In addition to the treatment regimen chosen by the doctor, it is allowed to use alternative methods of treatment. It is possible to stop the intensive growth of papillomas and provoke their destruction when smeared with celandine, dandelion or sour apple juice.
You can lubricate the neoplasm with fresh egg protein daily and wait for it to dry. After a while, the dry papilloma will fall off on its own. In pharmacies, you can buy special adhesive tapes, which are glued for a long time, and then the neoplasm is cleaned.
To get rid of blemishes, it is recommended to chop a clove of garlic and rub the growths on the skin with it for several days in a row.
Treatment with home remedies and traditional is a long process. For greater efficiency, it is recommended to combine it with taking drugs that have an antiviral effect.
Prophylaxis
Prevention of human papillomavirus is possible by maintaining body hygiene, timely treatment of any injuries to the epidermis and their healing. To prevent infection, you should use personal hygiene products.
Prevention of papillomas involves the refusal of regular sexual intercourse, adherence to a healthy lifestyle, and increased immunity. This virus can be a triggering factor for the formation of papillomas on the cervix and the development of cancer. Women should regularly visit a mammologist with a gynecologist, be sure to adhere to proper nutrition. What to do if papillomas are detected, it is advisable to ask your doctor and not self-medicate.